Industry 5.0: Future of Manufacturing?

00:00:00: Today, we're talking about a really interesting topic.

00:00:02: About the next industry revolution?

00:00:04: We are talking not about robots replacing humans but more about freeing humans up to do what they can't and what robots actually can do.

00:00:12: And...we have new buzzword.

00:00:14: Maybe it's not even a buzz word But let me talk about this.

00:00:16: It is called Industry.

00:00:17: Five Pound O.

00:00:21: Rob Talk The Autonomous Robotics Podcast Physical AI No Theory Just Reality.

00:00:33: Industry five pound o is the topic everybody's talking about, but isn't just a rebranding of industry.

00:00:38: four point all that we coined in Germany especially.

00:00:41: And thats what were going to talk today and how it actually impacting the world.

00:00:45: manufacturing obviously future for all of us.

00:00:48: so welcome Clemens here.

00:00:51: one principle engineers at Robco.

00:00:53: thank you being with again.

00:00:55: I can only say you have such an amazing deep insight into The whole robotics and how robots are actually working.

00:01:04: And you know, to really make them autonomous.

00:01:07: so this is amazing here.

00:01:09: but yeah take us into industry.

00:01:11: one point all up two.

00:01:12: four point oh and tell what does has... What this means?

00:01:15: And the different stepping stones in our history of humans.

00:01:20: Humans have created stuff since they have been around, right?

00:01:25: So probably we already manufactured things on a broader scale since the Bronze Age.

00:01:33: You think of cauldrons you have to do them their standardized products.

00:01:40: or if you think about the Roman Empire and you have create the helmets for an army.

00:01:47: And actually If you think factory, Fabric that comes from the Latin Farba which is The Craftsman.

00:01:59: So I think we've had this tendon.

00:02:02: so it's about creating stuff It's about manufacturing.

00:02:08: and even before the industrial revolution We have things like water mills right?

00:02:15: And in the eighteenth century already having to put people in one place so that they can produce things efficiently.

00:02:28: Because for example, you had only a water source or on power source Or um... You have to buy big machine and do stuff Um.. In-in One Place.

00:02:37: So thats where the whole factory idea not came about but it was established more.

00:02:45: And obviously The Big Thing That Then Changed A Lot Was The Steam Engine In The Eighteenth Century.

00:02:50: Constant power, right?

00:02:52: Constant power and also in some sense mobility.

00:02:59: Before you had a water source but the water source was kind of flaky or it had a windmill so you could do like a hammer smith could run this myth without you know, without electricity or without coal.

00:03:14: But now we could do this on a much bigger scale but also had to put these huge engines which cost a lot of money in one place and that's where the Industrial Revolution started with what is called as one of the most defining events in human history.

00:03:33: It was interesting when they mentioned Roman Empire because must have produced thousands of helmets.

00:03:38: And these helmets, most of all been kind of different and long time was a hard time to produce them.

00:03:42: Then obviously with the introduction also water sources at the wind source but then especially steam engine there was

00:03:51: strong

00:03:51: amount power in where you could basically build it wherever he wanted.

00:03:55: so even close two cities were yet lot workforce?

00:03:58: I think that's the first thing.

00:03:59: whether they manufacturing really became possible in a kind of like more controlled way, I guess.

00:04:07: Yeah and um i mean there's tons of examples around that.

00:04:11: if you think about building... Building a fleet of ships we already had in Venice A huge shipyard where they already have kind of mass production In the shipping industry.

00:04:24: Interesting We had-I mean If You Think Of Rome or Baghdad, these were cities with a million people and obviously you probably had mass production of just bread.

00:04:37: Right?

00:04:38: But without a lot of machines.

00:04:40: so now we have machines.

00:04:42: And then things like the mechanical loom which brought Forty times improvement in productivity.

00:04:51: So before that was, it was pretty funny how fabrics were made right?

00:04:55: It was the first instance of a home office so there wasn't merchant and they got distributed tasks to people who then went home had their little looms at home And brought this stuff back suddenly centralized with mechanical loom And you suddenly had workers, like thousands of workers in one place.

00:05:20: Initially we only have one engine and then much later... You could even have smaller motors to do that more effectively.

00:05:33: Would say it was basically industry-one point O?

00:05:36: That was what then later called industry one point.

00:05:38: Oh, I mean nobody call it that way at their point but in hindsight this was the big shift as things got centralized.

00:05:46: you get now Factory owners being separate from the factory workers Factories being Being a different place than the point of sale?

00:05:57: It's also the difference between Between certain certain kind of shops like a bakery.

00:06:05: A bakery is kind of a mini-factory, right?

00:06:08: You build bread in very industrialized fashion.

00:06:12: It's standardized product but then you also sell it on site and so factory when that distinction can be made the sole purpose of manufacturing.

00:06:25: I have some goods coming in or refined goods come out

00:06:31: Interesting.

00:06:31: I don't think we think about that too much in the days today and nowadays, We more or less thing.

00:06:37: well everything's kind of distributed And you can buy it anywhere.

00:06:40: But your absolutely right The bakery is a really good example Of being baked there And then basically put under the shelf Which was probably two meters away Then being sold directly.

00:06:48: A factory sale Basically

00:06:50: Yeah

00:06:51: It's very rare In other cases.

00:06:53: There are many You know This kind of like With clothes Rarely Like at a factory sale Whereas We go to the factory buy something, but it's more like a discount or outlet stores type of scenario.

00:07:04: Normally you'd go to your shop and by there.

00:07:05: that is very interesting because makes huge difference actually

00:07:08: Yeah.

00:07:08: But I think You can still see these old ways Of building things when you Go for example To The Arab World.

00:07:15: Mm-hmm!

00:07:16: You See That in the Old Towns?

00:07:17: You Still have streets where There Is A Certain Type of Craft Where Everything Like Under In One Place But that's getting very rare, even there.

00:07:30: And for us obviously it is a hard to find meanwhile... Oh

00:07:34: yeah!

00:07:34: Very hard to found.

00:07:35: Do you think because of the easier-to-produce lot of goods in one place like a bigger factory which is centralized?

00:07:44: Or Is It Because Of Standardization As Well?

00:07:47: Like with the different looms, you just... They probably all have their own working style and might produce a different quality.

00:07:52: Well I think what comes in is capitalism right?

00:07:57: So suddenly you have production factor laborer and that production factor money.

00:08:03: And so then people just concentrate on the money In one place and suddenly everybody had to come into this place Of

00:08:14: course.

00:08:15: And where does then industry?

00:08:16: two point oh start?

00:08:18: Yeah, so the big shift is then in the second half of a nineteenth century towards the twentieth century when we suddenly go from The steam engine or coal based manufacturing to electricity.

00:08:32: and So what happens then is that you become much more flexible.

00:08:38: in the first place you had these just one motor and a factory, but then you could have like lots of small motors everywhere.

00:08:44: You were very flexible on how your range the factory?

00:08:49: And suddenly you had specialized machineries also popping up... The biggest is production line right.

00:08:59: so suddenly you have a motorized production line.

00:09:04: You had already split up a production into small steps, you know what is called Taylorism.

00:09:10: So everybody just does one thing and doesn't over-and-over.

00:09:14: And so the actual work was still done by humans.

00:09:19: But but the technology... The humans have to adapt to that technology That suddenly starts to surround them.

00:09:30: The benefits are clear.

00:09:31: We get mass production in place, things like everything from building materials to cars eventually with Henry Ford.

00:09:47: but it basically was a pervasive shift in the whole society and I think It started already in the nineteenth century.

00:09:56: when you think about things, for example cast iron.

00:10:01: Like in the Victorian area... You had a lot of buildings that suddenly started to use cast-iron beautiful cast- Iron constructions but they were already mass produced.

00:10:12: That was not like output from a crafts person.

00:10:18: But so now it becomes pervasive.

00:10:20: and we see In the early twentieth century, with things like architecture really starting to embrace that or things like a furniture design.

00:10:32: Starting to embrace it's basically after World War I where the whole Bauhaus movement started kick in and said okay this is new world.

00:10:41: we're gonna build products around this idea of modularization about standardization mass production And the idea there is that it becomes democratized.

00:10:52: so everybody can now buy not only one closet in their lives, but basically have the same opportunities as previously.

00:11:03: a very small and rich part of population.

00:11:08: Which obviously also quite amazing through mass production were really like only for high class, got available to everyone.

00:11:19: Without the production that you just mentioned from Henry Ford I don't think car production would have ramped up as fast at this point and made it possible more people buy cars.

00:11:30: Do we talk a lot about Henry Ford being one of first people putting out standardized way In Europe, there must have been also the same movement going on at the same time.

00:11:47: It was a globalized world already by then but you had telegraphs and telephones in mass media.

00:11:53: so I think ideas spread extremely quickly.

00:11:58: Interesting.

00:11:58: It's interesting to think how different it was at that time.

00:12:01: now we have YouTube and we have Zoom calls, video calls... You can basically visit the factory without ever being there or you could just take a plane which takes few minutes to book on the Lufthansa website but you can fly there!

00:12:16: At this point traveling from one country another is like three months job.

00:12:23: Yeah, but I think that the changes in technology and the surroundings were at least as profound back then than it is today.

00:12:31: You can always see with the change of society all the conflicts starting from communism to World War One... These are things like wouldn't have happened without the Industrial Revolution.

00:12:48: If you're born in eighteen seventy years old then you would have seen the introduction of electricity, of cars.

00:12:58: Of the plane eventually and... And you would've died when people were sending satellites into space.

00:13:07: so I think we cannot really understand what these people had gone through.

00:13:15: Maybe it's a bit.. But i don't want to say its same but might be similar.

00:13:18: So we see an interaction on internet which is Very interesting.

00:13:22: I don't think it's, It was that intimidating.

00:13:25: but i think what is very intimidating right now at the speed of AI how its progressing and That also like a big shift not for everyone Right Now But feels Like A Very Monumental Change And The progression Is Being Exponential Right Now Feels Like A very Intimidating Moment To Be In.

00:13:40: Then Obviously On The Other Hand Like Seeing Rocket Chips Land Again.

00:13:44: Its Also Something That Was Quite Crazy!

00:13:45: It Is...I Think It Has Accelerated.

00:13:49: I Mean I've Been on trying to be on top of technology shifts all my life.

00:13:55: But even for me, it becomes kind of awkward in a while.

00:14:01: but I think the silver lining from at least the second industrial revolution is that you can survive it!

00:14:08: i hope we don't get the same amount of conflict as then... In hindsight, unknown area, right?

00:14:23: So in hindsight we can analyze it and really understand what's going on.

00:14:28: One thing I find fascinating also about RobCo.

00:14:31: obviously your role at RobCo is that the whole team working on something which actually directly impacts this time of space.

00:14:43: so finding somebody who's more in tune with today than you The Robco team obviously is very hard because you guys are really at the forefront of what's happening.

00:14:52: So, You're a really in that moment and that something really special.

00:14:58: We were part Of an industry That Is Meanwhile Obviously Very Big.

00:15:04: There'S An Industry For The Industry so we Are Part Of That.

00:15:08: But I Think The More Profound Question Is Obviously Where Does It Take Us Right?

00:15:15: And i guess Talk about that.

00:15:17: Yes,

00:15:17: exactly.

00:15:18: so let's move on to industry.

00:15:19: three point oh where does that start and what doesn't mean?

00:15:23: Well at some point we started have computers and computers means information processing.

00:15:33: So I think it basically starts when you understood What can express every kind of information through bits and bytes.

00:15:44: right.

00:15:44: That was the profound change in the nineteen forties where you know suddenly we had papers like from Claude Shannon, um...where he just said okay.

00:15:55: We can do everything all of information processing and win a digital world.

00:15:59: And so obviously people started to take advantage much earlier than many people think, right?

00:16:05: Basically since computers have been invented and they've been around.

00:16:09: Obviously then in the nineteen sixties also with robots

00:16:12: interesting.

00:16:13: So now I mean there's several things.

00:16:16: one is factory can be seen as a signal processing machine.

00:16:22: Lots of things change.

00:16:24: once you have a sensor in place you have the opportunity to control things and.

00:16:32: The term cybernetics came about.

00:16:35: cybernetic such a sci-fi term, but it becomes much clearer when you think that everybody has cyber physical system at home, which is a thermostat.

00:16:47: Right?

00:16:47: Yeah So so what is that?

00:16:49: What does the thermostat?

00:16:50: it's you have a target function that do want to achieve.

00:16:54: You wanna reach a certain temperature.

00:16:56: You have a sensor Which Is The Current Temperature and Do Have An Actuator Which Is Okay.

00:17:01: I Can Turn Up The Heat up And Down And So Now The Target Function Is okay.

00:17:05: i Want To Maintain A Constant Temperature Right?

00:17:11: Because if you turn it up too quickly, then overshoots.

00:17:14: And so sudden as you need some dampening and so that's a cyber physical system.

00:17:19: is cybernetics means I have this circle circular feedback cycle and physical just means um i'm doing in the physical world.

00:17:31: So like people haven't talked about That term particular but they've started to build robots using these things, they have started to build signal processing system for whole factories where you just say okay if something gets to a certain point then like a switch get flipped and I can trigger other things in the factory.

00:17:56: And so this programmable logic controllers start getting into the factories.

00:18:04: So that was basically industry, three point all it obviously goes on until today.

00:18:14: But but then we suddenly get to accrue a lot of data and so that's where the next step comes in.

00:18:22: And there now We're getting into this space.

00:18:26: Where?

00:18:28: It's not like the terms are not defined by historians anymore.

00:18:32: yeah right industry.

00:18:33: two point all was described In nineteen sixty nine or something Whereas right now it's more like, okay.

00:18:40: How can we describe what's currently going on?

00:18:43: Or how can We describe What we wanted to be in the future?

00:18:47: so that's More Like The discussion around industry.

00:18:49: four point oh and five point Oh.

00:18:51: So four point O was I guess Was a nice term because It was at the time when Everybody had just talked about web.

00:19:02: two point Oh point-o thing was pretty common.

00:19:07: And it came actually from the German government who said, okay we need a technology strategy.

00:19:11: so they gathered a bunch of very smart folks and a bunch or powerful folks... ...and wrote this concept paper where they coined the term.

00:19:20: It Was A Very National Thing and then five years later I was picked up by head of World Economic Forum.

00:19:29: They did session there, they wrote an article where they called it the fourth industrial revolution.

00:19:36: And now I think looking at it, not always thought wasn't that about IoT and connecting digital devices?

00:19:50: That's what most people when thinking industry of four point all.

00:19:56: so there was a time went okay suddenly you have these sensors devices talk to each other.

00:20:07: And so suddenly I can maybe coordinate things within the factory from the sensor level, to the whole factory level?

00:20:15: I can build digital twins or I can watch how things are going and may be even make predictions on things should be going.

00:20:22: but i could also see it in a broader context like okay what does that mean for supply chain Can connect different factories then becomes complex dynamic dynamic system.

00:20:33: And so, I mean obviously in computer science there's a lot of work around all these issues and a lot products that have been built around all this issue.

00:20:43: That was also the time when you weren't allowed to talk about AI.

00:21:01: trying to build AI systems since the nineteen fifties.

00:21:06: But it was an up and down, then in the seventies there wasn't like a big crash.

00:21:12: also in the nineteen eighties People were doing rule-based systems and in the nineteen nineties people are calling it machine learning.

00:21:22: So, so that term AI doesn't show up in these papers at all?

00:21:26: Then they try to find this other terms of cyber physical system is as one that shows up on paper And there was a vision presented their which I actually have written out because its quite interesting from now.

00:21:44: Yeah, pretty well but also kind of not quite so.

00:21:49: this was a prediction how the factory in two thousand twenty five would look like.

00:21:54: So it says using sensors robots capture and interpret acoustic individual data then derive actions From them.

00:22:00: they can hear and see their recognize workers on their vicinity And adjust that behavior.

00:22:06: If your worker comes too close to automatic autonomously move out off The way our worker beckon, a service robot and issue verbal commands.

00:22:16: The robot then hands over tools and assists in transporting heavy workpieces from one production station to the

00:22:22: next.".

00:22:23: And so on... So I think there's already the notion of you need an AI for that like language speech recognition understanding the visual environment moving into individual environments.

00:22:42: But then there was also the whole idea of a cobot back, which is very much in like a hyped thing.

00:22:50: So that's what it means to have robots standing next you and basically working together with all your time And turns out this hasn't been as much in demand than people thought.

00:23:04: because safety reasons, you always have to slow down the robot and so eventually we had regulations that made the robots slow.

00:23:16: So then when you have a choice between making it fast but not be around humans or make it slower than people actually usually chose the faster one.

00:23:30: Other things are interesting that they're so far off.

00:23:33: So having a robot follow me and handing me tools, like why doesn't it do the job itself?

00:23:39: Exactly!

00:23:39: Doesn't make any sense.

00:23:42: And then all comes down to okay how far have we gotten with manipulation part?

00:23:47: So apparently they didn't see that manipulation would be in the factory of twenty two thousand twenty five... ...and we already see starting at the start of that happening.

00:23:56: Yeah, it's interesting how different the view is.

00:23:57: And then obviously like makes a totally sensitive thing about.

00:24:01: I have our robot helping me carry heavy stuff around but then obviously this something...I also learned talking to you about that.

00:24:07: This is really interesting.

00:24:08: How A Robot Is Just So Different To A Human.

00:24:11: Still and Obviously if The Robot crashes into You As A Human You Get Really Hurt.

00:24:17: It'S Not The Same as If Another Human Runs Into You.

00:24:18: You Know That.

00:24:19: Two Airbags Running Against Each Other Kind Of Right?

00:24:22: But With A Robot hard metal hitting you.

00:24:25: And

00:24:26: absolutely,

00:24:27: that's no fun and we're going to talk about later.

00:24:29: but I saw also the robots how clumsy they can be?

00:24:34: Especially talking about giving them more freedom.

00:24:36: this could be dangerous!

00:24:37: That why i think it is a good idea... It s actually better idea have robot do it because he will actually quite well if works

00:24:46: right?!

00:24:47: Obviously still way too go there.. But If He Can Do It then probably do a better job for long time

00:24:53: Yeah, but I think just thinking pragmatically if you can isolate the robot and not have it be able to hurt human sets always.

00:25:02: The preferred option.

00:25:03: there is a lot of work happening on safety which basically two things.

00:25:08: one is You can react on impact But then more interesting part Is okay?

00:25:14: Can you predict that an impact would?

00:25:16: what's gonna happen?

00:25:18: we see for example autonomous driving.

00:25:20: Obviously, that's a huge thing.

00:25:22: You have to always be in the future and react with things like length of breaking.

00:25:31: I don't know English term but you have to be in The Future all the time To make your decisions right now.

00:25:36: Yeah That is definitely challenge.

00:25:39: So where do see industry?

00:25:41: five point O being Right Now Is already happening.

00:25:44: Can you describe it bit more?

00:25:47: Is It Like Replacing industry, four point.

00:25:50: or right now was it coexisting and is becoming this new thing.

00:25:54: So five point oh is another thing?

00:25:55: Right um uh so up to now we were at a four point.

00:26:00: Oh mm-hmm .So um And that again was written mostly by people from the industry Mm-hmm Or at least from research who came in with okay What's the technology?

00:26:12: what's the technological enabler for continuing To do what we've already been doing just in a more efficient way.

00:26:21: Now, industry.

00:26:22: five point oh is something that the European Commission has written up which comes in from a completely different angle.

00:26:30: it's more like normative description of okay where do we want to be as society with industry can?

00:26:39: and so I think the main keyword here is human centric rather than machine centric.

00:26:49: Um, when we first thought about the whole area and actually also before I again went in and looked at all the keywords that are being presented.

00:26:58: Okay?

00:26:58: Industry.

00:26:59: four point.

00:26:59: O that to me is like signal processing and maybe you have big data on that.

00:27:04: You can analyze into some machine learning on top.

00:27:06: um uh And so On The Whole Area of okay now We Have AI i mean Only Has Come About Really In The Last Few Years and So.

00:27:16: But if you think of, okay.

00:27:18: What is the next step?

00:27:20: Then I would say we are in this mode off having AI as the enabler for some really fundamental shift.

00:27:30: and so for me industry five point or from a technological standpoint Is going to be purely around This term of AI.

00:27:41: now what other consequences that That's interesting part.

00:27:46: So from, obviously if we can shape policies.

00:27:51: If you can shape technology and shape the business environment it can become something that is human-centered Something produces more sustainable products And something where What's the term again?

00:28:11: Resilience, right.

00:28:12: So we have a more resilient ecosystem.

00:28:17: if like why the term resilience?

00:28:20: because this concept paper is also a response to the COVID pandemic where driven by industry.

00:28:31: four point zero and all the communication, internet ships being monitored through GPS.

00:28:36: And so on.

00:28:37: we have built an extremely efficient system but it's not resilient because resiliency efficiency are kind of counterparts there.

00:28:50: you can see that when you call a call center.

00:28:56: So an efficient call center is when you have very few people working in the call center.

00:29:02: But then we have this concept that randomly, people call-in and they start to get queues right?

00:29:09: If you had a resilient system than it would be more operators but its not efficient Right!

00:29:17: People... You'd take risk of doing nothing but suddenly you can go through all time.

00:29:24: So that makes it clear what is the trade-off between resiliency and efficiency.

00:29:32: Now if we want to have a resilient factory system or resilient economic system, then we would have to take this into account.

00:29:42: And obviously systems are so complex that AI one of the major ways want to keep the complexity of our economies.

00:29:55: Very interesting that you're talking about resiliency versus efficiency, and a lot of supply chains as well... You mentioned COVID.

00:30:03: there was I think very interesting was the medical supply chain that broke down instantly because at one point something was missing.

00:30:09: And even for big car manufacturers who are using basically fast supply-chain logics the parts they needed would be delivered just in time and then we used.

00:30:22: And as soon one of them broke, their whole production floor had to stop because I don't know like a hundred parts were missing which is next hundred cars.

00:30:31: That's not resilient but obviously if you put it inside your lot right?

00:30:35: If you put them outside and store them that's very expensive.

00:30:41: Everybody was talking about lean production for decades.

00:30:44: so... What influences this?

00:30:47: is the economies of production, right?

00:30:50: So if you have more and more complex machines to build more mass produced things then becomes more expensive.

00:30:58: To put them in one place so suddenly they are geographically dispersed.

00:31:04: there might be also complex that not a lot people can produce them.

00:31:09: Suddenly we get these very complicated webs.

00:31:15: challenge here is to understand, do we actually need all this complexity?

00:31:20: Couldn't we just go back and see how we can do with much simpler technologies as well.

00:31:28: There was an example where like if you build a huge apartment building it's just a lot of components that you need put together.

00:31:38: for example windows is a mass produced product, you need to order it.

00:31:44: It comes from I don't know different country being sent to you and you probably don't want to order more than necessary right?

00:31:52: If like one hundred fifty years ago You would build new neighborhood... ...you would call the carpenter And said okay this is the hole i need seventy holes filled with windows.

00:32:05: Yes!

00:32:05: They will just do on spot.

00:32:06: yeah

00:32:07: Right.

00:32:08: so So The question Is Is there a new market for products where, we cannot really go back in doing everything by hand.

00:32:22: It's just too expensive.

00:32:24: like We could do that in the nineteenth century because we had people working for pennies People who had no other choice.

00:32:30: They maybe couldn't read.

00:32:32: they Just came to be To the cities and have to survive right.

00:32:37: sometimes We had these cases where people were just paid nothing, but coupons that they needed to spend in the shops.

00:32:49: The factory owner provided it and then otherwise said nothing.

00:32:53: so we are in a very different situation than... In the meantime like Europe at least or in the US, we exported the question of hiring cheap labor two countries while they were going through the same process as we did hundred fifty years ago.

00:33:12: So, we profited a lot from country like China opening up and suddenly being very cheap.

00:33:18: now this is changing as well so we're running out of these resources.

00:33:22: We need to have something in order to maintain the prosperity that you had right?

00:33:30: And for me The only way other than bringing up these huge, like extremely tailed distributions of income that we need to have these workers being very similar to what a human worker is.

00:33:53: And I think it will never really replace the human worker.

00:33:57: but it will form this third area where you can do certain things more and more things, but you cannot really replace everything that a human does.

00:34:10: But you also cannot replace every thing in the mass production line or like dark factory with automated end-to-end.

00:34:21: That basically means if we don't have a cheaper workforce then robots are helping us to keep prosperity up.

00:34:32: What would interest me is, I mean you mentioned the three pillars that The European Commission said in twenty-twenty one.

00:34:39: Human centricity sustainability and resilience.

00:34:42: i think those Three Pillars are very interesting.

00:34:44: That they mention these?

00:34:45: Let's see that They don't create too many harsh regulations around them.

00:34:49: but Tell us tell Me a bit more about what Robco's role Is In this industry.

00:34:55: five point all And how You're going to work with These three pillars.

00:34:59: and yeah creates something there.

00:35:02: Yeah, so what we're doing is were building AI based products.

00:35:07: In the end our goal was to have robots where human-robot interactions are very simple.

00:35:14: We had an example with talking to a robot.

00:35:17: Maybe that's not ideal thing in a factory which is noisy But we can figure out how.

00:35:24: technology today makes things much more simple And rather than having somebody operate a CAD program and large computer screens with fifteen hundred buttons, it could become much more natural for the human to interact.

00:35:41: So that's the human centricity.

00:35:45: there are other things like.

00:35:46: from the resilience part I would say we cannot deal only objects anymore that we used to do in the mass production times.

00:36:00: We can deal with things coming back, for example like broken things.

00:36:04: We're talking about things like recycling plant or even waste sorting where you have suddenly very complicated shapes and you need to make decisions.

00:36:18: is it good or bad?

00:36:20: things that even a few years ago would have been extremely hard to automate really.

00:36:29: And so I think AI based robotics and AI-based industry can help getting to the next level there, creating more sustainable future.

00:36:42: That's very interesting especially like waste sorting seems... It is very valuable right?

00:36:48: But obviously, there's always going to be wrong stuff in the waste.

00:36:52: And I think it is very interesting to see how AI is such really good at pattern detection also that machine learning parts were all so really good.

00:37:02: but then you know picking out and picking different objects are what i sorted out of different mechanisms, but in the end they're still workers.

00:37:15: They are looking at this stuff that's going through and picking some stuff

00:37:18: up.".

00:37:18: I think it is very valuable to go back to what we just said before.

00:37:23: if nobody wants work in factories anymore robots have to be a solution.

00:37:29: one thing i find really interesting from its industry.

00:37:33: five point O perspective seems to shift from efficiency first value-first mindset And I wonder how that is essential for true sustainability in manufacturing, because at the end of the day you want both right?

00:37:48: You want efficiency but also wants sustainability.

00:37:51: In your manufacturing process as a company owner and this value part.

00:37:56: it's very interesting concept to put that into there Because i would say its not first thing comes to mind when looking at capitalism or a company making money.

00:38:11: Purely optimizing for efficiency is one way.

00:38:14: It's an important way like will stay there, but But if you think for example about resiliency we're talking about being able to Reconfigure a factory much Much more efficiently.

00:38:30: so suddenly what if well?

00:38:31: What if the economies change of A factory setup and these initial costs come down?

00:38:37: then you can be much much more resilient because you can react better to changing environments.

00:38:45: So I think the vision from The European Union makes a lot of sense, and iIcan see the connection with technology that we have... ...iCan See the Connection With What We're Doing as RubCo And I Think It Will Become The Big Shift Enabled by AI That People Are Anticipating Right Now.

00:39:11: Yeah.

00:39:11: I mean, i can definitely see that when you have a factory stocked with RobCo technology then the re-arming of the factory is much faster and easier because human centric interact with the robot also one thing Is That You Can Reuse All The Parts You Don't Have To Throw Anything Away.

00:39:30: So You Have This Sustainability And You Have The Resilience Because Basically Do It By Yourself Right?

00:39:38: The interaction with the programming of robots so easy that I don't want to say anybody can do it, but nearly.

00:39:46: It's very-very easy and takes less effort which is quite crazy.

00:39:54: And then obviously something also creating resilience Is that we have Robco in the European Union Creating robots and this great technology With AI and the robots manufacturing That we have more resilience there.

00:40:08: So its a full circle

00:40:10: Right, so I think for us it's important we think about the customer that doesn't want to invest large sums in this factory setup itself.

00:40:25: We want to make it as human centric is possible and we have a robot-as-a-service core pillar which means as efficient as possible, which leads to things like modularity being able to replace parts rather than the whole robot.

00:40:48: So I think it all plays together and gives us a good framing of where we want to be in next years.

00:40:56: And for everybody who's listening you should definitely look at one other podcast that we did when we talked especially about how interaction with a robot from RobCo can work.

00:41:08: receptors, there's different sensors.

00:41:10: There are different types of communication you can have with a RobCo robot and also obviously like the whole industry of robots.

00:41:17: what is being planned then?

00:41:18: I think that it was quite interesting to understand how human centric we already... Like How far were along on the way?

00:41:23: And every month they're new development in your side.

00:41:26: so thats very interesting!

00:41:28: Obviously The idea talking toward giving commands maybe an effect resetting isn't ideal but i think its why there was such breakthrough in AI.

00:41:36: I think it was because of this test product that OpenAI launched, where you could interact with a computer in the natural language.

00:41:45: And i think there is break through that AI needed to become mass solution and maybe also some kind way for interacting on human centric level.

00:41:56: robots?

00:41:57: Yeah!

00:42:01: just by sitting in a, an armchair and talking to it.

00:42:07: So yeah I think obviously always starts with the developers themselves but for sure we will see these kind of developments.

00:42:14: on the factory floor doesn't have to be voice.

00:42:17: i think showing something um will become better and better.

00:42:21: Um We well...I mean It Will Be A Process Right?

00:42:25: You Always Underestimate How Far.

00:42:27: You overestimate how far you can get in a year.

00:42:29: Yes, you underestimate How Far You Can Get In Ten?

00:42:32: So I think there's a profound change happening right now and like we're part of this whole journey.

00:42:39: Thankyou Clemens!

00:42:40: And i think that is the best closing note ever.

00:42:42: it's like to say okay...I Think also Robco does A LOT IN ONE YEAR what ive been seeing for The Journey.

00:42:47: but u really under estimate What.

00:42:49: U Really Overestimate What U Can Achieve In Twelve Months.

00:42:52: But I think everybody underestimates how far we'll be in ten years looking at Robcore, Looking At The Industry and also the development because then will be like twenty thirty six or something.

00:43:02: Like that which would be quite interesting And maybe you have already full running robot factories.

00:43:08: Very very cool.

00:43:09: Thank You so much!

00:43:10: Everybody please if you found this podcast episode Interesting Please give us a LIKE.

00:43:16: Also subscribe to channel.

00:43:17: obviously Leave a comment.

00:43:18: If you have some questions We'd be happy To answer them Obviously, don't forget to send it to somebody who's interested in the topic or wants to know more about RobCo and sent them this podcast.

00:43:27: To dive into RobCo a little bit more And if you want have practical look at what industry.

00:43:32: five point always please go on visit ropco.co.

00:43:36: That is the new domain and I visited there.

00:43:40: Yeah Have great time!

00:43:41: And i can wait to see your next time when we'll have our next episode of RobTalk.

00:43:45: Thank You so much.

00:43:51: A podcast by Robco.

00:43:53: Subscribe on Spotify, Apple Podcasts and YouTube.

00:43:57: See you on the factory floor.